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Road Accident Case Law India
India Tops Global List of Fatalities from Road Crashes More than 1.3 lakh people died on Indian roads, giving India the dubious honor of topping the list of road deaths across the world.Until 2 years ago, the International Road Federation placed India second behind China.China has managed to reduce the number of road deaths from over 100,000 to 90,000 or so, and in India the situation has worsened.
With just 1% of the world's vehicles, India manages to account for 10% of its road fatalities, up from 8% at last count.In India the situation is exacerbated by poor enforcement of traffic laws and myopic policies on the part of our policy makers.In the United States, which has close to 300 million people and more than 250 million vehicles, the number of deaths per 10,000 vehicles is 1.6, while in India this number, known as the “road fatality rate,” is as high as 14.In comparison, China has a road fatality rate of about 5 with almost twice as many vehicles. Besides, in China, the fatality rate has seen a downward trend, while in India it is raising.
WHO road safety campaign 2011: World unites to halt death and injury on the road Governments, international agencies, civil society organizations, and private companies from more than 100 countries have launched the Decade of Action for Road Safety 2011 − 2020. The presidents and prime ministers of these countries are expressing their commitment and launching national plans for the Decade, which seeks to save 5 million lives over the 10-year period. India is also a committed partner in this campaign and on May 11 the event was launched with greater commitment to minimize road accidents.
“Road Safety Week” is observed throughout the country every year in the month of January in order to highlight and emphasize the need for safe roads by taking up activities to promote the concept. Prevention of RTA is a responsibility of various agencies and a multi-disciplinary approach will effectively reduce the incidence of RTA and reduction in injuries and deaths on the roads. Effective community participation also plays a key role in the prevention of RTA. Everybody should be concerned and should work toward achieving a safe road travel so that “road accidents should never happen again.
”Protection is needed for three main vulnerable groups—pedestrians, who in urban areas constitute up to 70% of the fatalities; passengers commuting on buses, trucks, and minibuses, who constitute the next largest population group affected; and cyclists. Addressing the risks of these three groups will require multiple policy initiatives. There is clearly a need for road safety education and it should be directed toward road users, who are frequently involved and injured in RTAs. The real pressure and motivation to improve driving skills can come only through licensing authorities by adopting stricter, more comprehensive, and scientifically based tests, laying a stress on road rules, regulations, and traffic control devices.The injury profile for road traffic crashes in developing countries differs in important ways from the profile seen in developed countries. The safety on our roads needs to be given the highest priority by governments as well as the public at an all-India level.
IntroductionMotorization has enhanced the lives of many individuals and societies, but the benefits have come with a price. Although the number of lives lost in road accidents in high-income countries indicate a downward trend in recent decades, for most of the world's population, the burden of road-traffic injury—in terms of societal and economic costs—is rising substantially. Injury and deaths due to road traffic accidents (RTA) are a major public health problem in developing countries where more than 85% of all deaths and 90% of disability-adjusted life years were lost from road traffic injuries.
As a developing country, India is no exception. Not a day passes without RTA happening in the roads in India in which countless number of people are killed or disabled. Often members of the whole family are wiped out. Those who are affected or killed are mostly people in their prime productive age. The highest burden of injuries and fatalities is borne disproportionately by poor people, as they are mostly pedestrians, cyclists, and passengers of buses and minibuses.The data for fatal accidents presented to the Parliament by the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways for year 2008 shows that 119,860 people perished in mishaps that year and the national and state highways accounted for nearly half of all road accidents.
Deaths due to road accidents in 2009 were reported to be 126,896 and in 2010 it increased to 133,938 which is about 5.5% over and above the previous year's deaths. Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Rajas than have accounted for 11.5%, 10.5%, 7.1%, and 6.8%, respectively, of total “Road Accident” deaths in the country. The trend is alarming and is leading to a frightening situation day by day.
Preventive Measures for RTA Road deaths and injuries are preventable. A wide range of effective road safety interventions exist and a scientific system approach to road safety is essential to tackle the problem. This approach should address the traffic system as a whole and look into interactions between vehicle, road users, and road infrastructure to identify solution.Vehicles Well-maintained vehicles with good breaks, lighting, tyres etc. will reduce accidents.Older vehicles and highly polluting vehicles should be phased out.Vehicles should be provided with seat belts and other necessary safety provisions (like airbags).
Condition of roads Roads should be well maintained with frequent relaying of road surfaces and markings of road safety signs.Provide proper footpaths for pedestrians and pedestrian crossings at intersections.Provide separate lanes for slow-moving and fast-moving vehicles.Roads and junctions should be wide and well lit so that visibility is good. Human factor Drivers can significantly contribute to reducing the accidents.Issuing of the driving license should be strictly based on the minimum proficiency acquired by the learners from designated driving schools.
Minimum qualifications should be fixed for different categories of drivers.All drivers should be properly trained and should posses a valid driving license.Educate the drivers and traveling public about traffic rules.Carry out periodic medical checkup especially vision and hearing for the drivers.Training on first aid should be compulsory along with heath education and traffic education for the general public to prevent accidents.Indiscriminate honking to be avoided, except as a means of greeting or in dire emergencies.
Legislation Rules for compulsory wearing of helmets by two wheelers and seat belts by four wheelers must be implemented.Enforce traffic rules by the concerned authorities strictly.Removal of stray animals like cattle and removal of encroachments on footpath and road margins will enable smooth flow of traffic.Preventing haphazard parking of vehicles on busy roads and intersections to ensure free flow of traffic.
Management of accident victims The importance of the “Golden Hour” in giving adequate treatment to the accident victim in saving the injured should be highlighted to both the health personals and the community.Provision of medical care/first aid care facilities on highways and busy roads.Provision of ambulances and trained health personals in shifting and transporting the injured person to nearby hospitals for treatment.Awareness creation among all sections of the society to treat accident victims with sympathy and without fear so that the morbidity and mortality can be reduced.
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